William Nordhaus was born in Albuquerque, New Mexico. He completed his undergraduate studies at Yale University in 1963 and received a doctorate in economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge in 1967. Nordhaus has taught at Yale since 1967 and has been a professor of economics since 1973, where he is also a professor at the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies. Professor Nordhaus' wife, Barbara, works at the Yale Children's Learning Center. They live in downtown New Haven. William Nordhaus is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and he is a fellow of the National Bureau of Economic Research. Since 1972 he has served as a member and Senior Advisor to the Brookings Group on Economic Activity in Washington, DC. Professor Nordhaus is a current or former editor of several scientific journals and has served on the executive committees of the American Economic Association and the Eastern Economic Association. He has also served as a member of the Congressional Budget Office's Economic Expert Group and was the first chairman of the Advisory Board of the National Bureau of Economic Analysis, as well as the first chairman of the newly formed Committee on Federal Statistics of the American Economic Association. In 2004, the American Economic Association awarded him the Distinguished Fellow Award. From 1977 to 1979, Nordhaus was a member of the President's Council of Economic Advisers. He served as provost of Yale University from 1986 to 1988. He has served on several committees of the National Academy of Sciences, including the Commission on Nuclear Energy and Alternative Energy Systems, the Panel on Policy Implications of Greenhouse Warming, the National Statistical Commission, the Commission on Illicit Drug Data and Research, and the Commission on the Scientific and Social Impacts of Abrupt Climate Change. Most recently, he led a National Academy of Sciences panel that organized the group to produce a report called Nature's Numbers, which recommended including environmental and other non-market activities in national economic accounts. Most recently, with support from the Glaser Foundation, he directed the Yale Program in Nonmarket Accounting. Nordhaus is the author of many books, including Innovation, Growth, and Welfare Growth. Energy efficiency, reforming federal government regulation, global public management, warming the world, and the classic textbook Economics, co-authored with Paul Samuelson, the 19th edition of which was published in 2009. His research focuses on economic growth and natural resources, the economics of climate change, and resource constraints to economic growth. Since the 1970s, he has developed economic methods for studying global warming, including the construction of integrated economic and scientific models DICE and RICE models, which provide an effective way to address climate change. His most recent work, DICE-2007, has been published in Balance Issues Yale University Press, 2008. Professor Nordhaus has also studied wage and price behavior, health economics, expanded national income and production accounting, the political business cycle, productivity, and the new economy. In 1996, through a comparative study of the economic history of the Babylonian era, Nordhaus found that measures of long-term economic growth had been grossly underestimated. Before the 2002 US-Iraq war, he published a study that used Mesopotamian economics to estimate the cost of the US war in Iraq to be as high as $2 trillion. Most recently, he worked on the G-Econ project, which provides the first comprehensive measure of geophysical economic activity.